Animal Science Abstract
The effects of expander processing and by-product inclusion levels on performance of grower-finisher pigs
J. V. O'Doherty1,A, D. Murphy1 and S. G. McGlynn1
AE-mail john.vodoherty@ucd.ie
1Department of Animal Science and Production, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, Co. Dublin, IrelandAbstract
Seventy-two entire male pigs (initially 28 kg body weight) were used to study the effects of by-product (pollard, rapeseed meal, peas and copra meal combined) inclusion level with or without expander processing, on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in a 3 5 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Productive performance and nutrient digestibility coefficients (no. = 6) were determined in individually fed pigs offered pelleted diets ad libitum containing a low by-product diet (350 g/kg), medium by-product diet (520 g/kg) and high by-product diet (752 g/ kg). The expanded diets were processed at 105ºC for 5 s at 35 bar pressure having been previously conditioned at 85ºC for 5 s. All diets were formulated using standard values for ingredients to have similar concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and ideal protein. Starch contents of 437, 401 and 314 g/kg and crude fibre contents of 48, 58 and 74 g/kg were recorded for the low, medium and high by-product diets respectively. No by-product level 5 expander processing interactions (P > 0•05) were observed in growth criteria, carcass characteristics or nutrient digestibility. Expander processing decreased (P < 0•05) the apparent organic matter (OM), ash and energy digestibility of the diets, as well as the digestible energy content of the diets. The level of by-product in the diet had no statistically significant effect on the OM, protein and energy digestibility or the DE content of the diets. The increase in by-product inclusion levels decreased (P < 0•05) average daily gain (ADG) (0•899 v. 0•888 v. 0•854 (s.e. 0•014) kg/day) from 28 kg to slaughter and food intake (1•62 v. 1•48 v. 1•48 (s.e. 0•028) kg/day) in the 28 to 55 kg weight range. Expander processing had no effect on ADG, food intake or food conversion ratio. The increase in by-product level decreased (P < 0•01) killing-out proportion (723 v. 705 v. 710 (s.e. 3•94) g/kg) and carcass ADG (0•684 v. 0•651 v. 0•635 (s.e. 0•012) kg/day) (P < 0•05). Expander processing decreased (P < 0•05) killing out proportion (707 v. 718 (s.e. 3•22) g/kg). In conclusion, increasing the by-product content of the diet decreased ADG while expander processing had no effect on growth performance.
Keywords: by-products, expansion, pigs
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